সাধারন বিজ্ঞান - Read Mode
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Explanation
Histamine is a potent vasodilator. It causes blood vessels to expand (vasodilation), which increases blood flow to the affected area and is a key component of the inflammatory response and allergic reactions.
Explanation
Congenital malaria is rare because the placenta acts as a barrier. While neonatal transmission can occur, it is significantly less common than vertical transmission of infections like Hepatitis B, Shigellosis, or Brucellosis in endemic areas.
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The detrusor muscle is the smooth muscle found in the wall of the urinary bladder. The detrusor muscle remains relaxed to allow the bladder to store urine, and contracts during urination to release urine.
Explanation
Growth Hormone (GH) secretion is pulsatile and increases significantly during sleep, particularly during slow-wave sleep. Other hormones like cortisol and adrenaline generally decrease or follow a circadian rhythm that dips during early sleep.
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Microcytic hypochromic anemia is characterized by small, pale red blood cells. Thalassaemia causes defective globin chain synthesis, leading to this type of anemia, similar to iron deficiency anemia.
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HBV DNA is the direct measure of viral load and viral replication. Its presence confirms active viremia (virus in the blood) and is the most reliable marker for monitoring infectivity and treatment response.
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Macrophages are specialized cells involved in the detection, phagocytosis, and destruction of bacteria and other harmful organisms. They originate from monocytes, which circulate in the blood before migrating into tissues.
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Normal Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is clear and colorless. It contains glucose, proteins, and a few white blood cells, but it does NOT contain erythrocytes (red blood cells) unless there is hemorrhage or trauma.
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Ovulation typically occurs about 14 days before the onset of the next menstrual period. This luteal phase is relatively constant at 14 days, whereas the follicular phase (before ovulation) can vary in length.
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Insulin is an anabolic hormone that promotes energy storage. It increases glycogenesis (formation of glycogen from glucose) in the liver and muscle, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.